State-Augmented Learning for Post-Deployment Adaptation of Coexisting O-RAN Applications
Wonhyeok Ko, Yeonseo Jeong, Songnam Hong
Abstract
Fixed control policies in Open RAN can require retraining when service requirements, traffic loads, or interacting applications change. We propose ATTUNE, a state-augmented learning method for an energy saving application that coexists with a learned mobility load balancing application under a service constraint. ATTUNE conditions the energy saving policy on a Lagrange multiplier and updates this scalar during operation using measured service degradation, while keeping both applications' network parameters fixed. To train a single policy across service requirements, ATTUNE samples target service levels uniformly and maps them to multipliers through an adaptive table. This procedure accounts for policy-dependent multiplier responses and improves energy savings compared with training over a widened fixed multiplier range. We characterize the induced distribution of service levels and the convergence and fluctuations of the online update. An exact finite-window identity establishes convergence of average measured degradation to the target when the projection corrections vanish on average. Simulations show that a single ATTUNE policy achieves energy savings comparable to policies trained separately for each service requirement. It adapts to changes in the target, load, and partner application without retraining, increases energy savings at light load, and maintains target tracking for separately trained application pairs. No statistically significant increase in cell switching is detected in the evaluated comparisons.