Towards Cost-Efficient Video Dataset Construction with Large Language Models
Mohammed Shabot, Jonathan Adams, Jan Van den Stock, Joost Vennekens
Abstract
Research on video classification models has witnessed significant growth recently, accompanied by a significant increase in the demand for datasets to train such models. Existing video dataset curation approaches share a common bottleneck: candidate videos must be downloaded before any relevance judgment is made, which results in storage, time and annotation costs. In this work, we present a filtering step, using Large Language Models (LLMs) to pre-screen videos based on their metadata, before actually downloading these videos, thereby saving on these costs. We evaluate the LLMs against a strict human majority vote derived from four independent annotators and validate the reliability of the annotations through inter-annotator agreement analysis (Gwet's AC1). We compare the LLM pre-filter against two no-LLM baselines, namely two keyword heuristics. Via a Leave-One-Rater-Out (LOO) mechanism and an Add-One-Rater-In (AORI), we evaluate the performance of the LLMs as virtual annotators. Finally, we report cost comparisons relative to existing approaches. To ensure reproducability, we made our implementation available on github.