YOLO12-MambaScan: An Efficient Object Detector with High-Frequency Enhancement and State-Space Modeling
Hao Wang
Abstract
The rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has made aerial-image object detection increasingly important for natural-resource monitoring, traffic management, and disaster response. Detecting small objects in aerial images remains difficult because objects occupy very few pixels, high-frequency cues are easily lost, and global context is hard to model in cluttered scenes. Existing detectors often retain insufficient edge, corner, and texture information. We propose \ours, an aerial-image detector built on the YOLO12 architecture. The model combines a triple-path high-frequency enhancement convolution module (TriPathHFConv), receptive-field coordinate-attention convolution (RFCAConv), and a Mamba-based global-context module. On VisDrone, at an input resolution of 960*960, ours achieves 60.0% mAP@50 and 38.6%mAP@50:95, demonstrating a favorable accuracy--efficiency trade-off for small-object detection. The benchmark and dataset protocol follow the VisDrone challenge setup.